Black Diamond Frameless Snow Gear

Which insulation do you prefer?

• Down: Ultralight, warm and packable—but won't insulate when damp and dries slowly.
• Synthetic: Insulates when damp, dries fast and often less pricey than down—though heavier and less packable.
• Wet or humid conditions or high activity? Consider water-resistant down, synthetics or down/synthetic hybrids.

How much will temperature and weather vary?

• Most insulated jackets feature water-resistant shells. Some use waterproof/breathable material—pricier but they eliminate the need for a separate rain shell.

• For high-exertion activities, look for vents in the underarm or core area to dump heat.
• Some jackets vary insulation and shell materials based by body zone to provide weather protection and breathability where needed.

Consider features:

• Hoods: Add warmth and protection; some are detachable or helmet-compatible
• 3-in-1 jackets: Combine an outer shell and midlayer that zip together, so you can wear separately or as one
• Pockets: Designed to stash gear, secure valuables and more.

Key features of backcountry snow shovels:

• Material: Because of its low weight and high strength, aluminum predominates. Plastic shovels aren't suited to avalanche rescue.
• Comfort: Low weight and a comfortable, ergonomic grip will make a shovel easier to use.
• Length: Longer, extended shafts may give you better leverage to scoop snow faster while shorter shafts cut down on weight.

Types of snow shovels:

• Fully flat blades are best for snow study, such as creating smooth snow-pit walls.
• Scooped blades are less likely to spill snow off the sides during shoveling.
• Serrated blade edges can be used to bust up ice.
• Blades with holes in them can be used (with a length of accessory cord) to build snow anchors; holes also make a shovel slightly lighter to carry.

T-grip vs. D-grip handles:

• T-grip: Grasped between the fingers, this is a lightweight design that works well; can be awkward when wearing mittens.
• D-grip: Slightly bulkier and heavier than a T-grip, it is relatively easy to use while wearing mittens.