PFDs

PFDs

A personal flotation device (PFD) provides essential buoyancy to help you stay afloat. Wearing one at all times on the water is the best and often mandated practice. The right PFD for you will be U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) approved for your activity and fit you snugly but comfortably.

USCG Classification for PFDs

The USCG has five classifications. Kayakers, canoers and stand-up paddle board (SUP) users almost always wear Type III or Type V vests because they are comfortable for these activities.

• Type I PFDs are usedon commercial vessels waters where rescue may take awhile. Though bulky, they typically have the most buoyancy.
• Type II PFDs are slightly less bulky and buoyant, and are intended for calmer, closer
• Type III PFDs are less buoyant than Type I or Type II andare also sleeker for comfort while paddlers twist and turn.
• Type IV PFDs are emergency-only flotation devices (like life rings and buoyant cushions) that are meant to be thrown to a conscious person who is in trouble in the water.
• Type V PFDs must be worn continuously and used solely for activities specified on the label. They are the sleekest and easiest to move in.

Standard PFDs vs. Inflatable PFDs

Standard PFDs use foams to achieve buoyancy, while inflatable styles have a CO2 gas cartridge that must inflate them (either manually via a pull cord or automatically when submerged) to provide buoyancy.

Standard PFDs

• Lowmaintenance
• Inherently buoyant
• Versatile(most are approved for multiple activities)
• Multiple pockets
• Warm (a plusin the cold; a minus in the heat)
• Bulky (Type I and II are bulkiest)

Inflatable PFDs

• Comfortable (slim profile for free movement)
• Cool (a plus in the heat; a minus in the cold)
• Manual style requires pull-cord inflation (an issue if you're hurt)
• Regular maintenance required
• Approved only for specific activities

Hybrid PFDs

A few PFDs combine foam to provide inherent flotation in a slim design, plus some inflatable chambers for added buoyancy after a fall into the water.

PFD Sizing and Fitting

Your chest size (not weight) determines PFD size. Measure chest circumference at its broadest point, then check that against the manufacturer size charts. A properly sized PFD should fit like a glove, yet allow you to move freely and not chafe while paddling and playing. Women-specific PFDs are contoured at the bustline and shorter through the torso than unisex PFDs.

PFDs for Kids

A child's weight (rather than chest measurement) determines the correct size:

• Infant PFDs: 8-30 pounds
• Child PFDs: 30-50 pounds
• Youth PFDs: 50-90 pounds

To learn more, read How to Choose PFDs for Children.

PFDs for Dogs

Dog PFDs are not USCG certified, but one can still be a lifesaver for your pet. It should fit snugly so your dog cannot twist or swim out of it.

For more detailed buying and fitting advice, read How to Choose PFDs. To learn about other essential equipment for your trips, read Paddling Rescue and Safety Gear.