var glossary = new Array(165); glossary[0] = new Array(2); glossary[0][0] = "Average footwear weight (pair)"; glossary[0][1] = "Typically this weight is based on either a Women’s US size 7 or Men’s US size 9, or equivalent, although this may vary due to availability."; glossary[1] = new Array(2); glossary[1][0] = "Why we don't provide weights"; glossary[1][1] = "Variations in frame and component weights make it difficult to obtain accurate, consistent measurement for any model of bike. In addition, variations in frame sizes further complicate comparative efforts. Since it is our goal to provide you meaningful, useful information, we feel it is a disservice to state a weight, knowing that it might not match the bike you receive."; glossary[2] = new Array(2); glossary[2][0] = "Compression / encapsulation"; glossary[2][1] = "A style of sports bra which uses a combination of supportive cups and compression fabric. Often recommended for C- and D-cup sizes."; glossary[3] = new Array(2); glossary[3][0] = "Water boiled per 100g fuel"; glossary[3][1] = "A measure of a stove's fuel efficiency. As rated during REI's lab testing of this item."; glossary[4] = new Array(2); glossary[4][0] = "visible light transmission"; glossary[4][1] = "The amount of light passing through a lens to the eye as represented by a percentage. A high percentage indicates lenses fit for dim light; a low percentage indicates a good choice for bright light. Abbreviated VLT."; glossary[5] = new Array(2); glossary[5][0] = "How we measure bike weight"; glossary[5][1] = "Weight provided is that of the as-sold median size. If an even number of sizes is available, the weight is the average of the 2 median sizes."; glossary[6] = new Array(2); glossary[6][0] = "Polartec® 300 fleece"; glossary[6][1] = "The thickest, warmest version of Polartec's Classic Fleece series. The polyester velour construction traps body heat to provide excellent warmth for its weight. It also resists pilling."; glossary[7] = new Array(2); glossary[7][0] = "Durable Water Repellent"; glossary[7][1] = "A long-wearing finish added to a fabric face to make water bead up and roll off. DWR does eventually break down, but can be renewed by laundering or with aftermarket treatments."; glossary[8] = new Array(2); glossary[8][0] = "Medium-impact activities"; glossary[8][1] = "Activities such as skiing, paddling and hiking for which either a compression- or encapsulation-style sports bra is suitable."; glossary[9] = new Array(2); glossary[9][0] = "Average packaged weight"; glossary[9][1] = "The total weight of all tent components: body, rainfly, poles, stakes, stuff sack, pole sack, instructions and any other item a manufacturer ships with a tent."; glossary[10] = new Array(2); glossary[10][0] = "custom thermal-formable"; glossary[10][1] = "Custom thermal-formable foam liners use an artificial heat source, such as a hot air blower, to attain a custom fit. This is a procedure best performed in-store."; glossary[11] = new Array(2); glossary[11][0] = "Rockered tips and tails"; glossary[11][1] = "Tips and tails with reverse camber. Their upward arcs are apparent when placed against a flat surface."; glossary[12] = new Array(2); glossary[12][0] = "Apparent angle of view"; glossary[12][1] = "The angle of view measurement that is derived by multiplying the real angle of view by the magnification power. The greater the angle, the wider the field of view."; glossary[13] = new Array(2); glossary[13][0] = "Hidden zippered pocket"; glossary[13][1] = "Hidden zippered pockets do not display zipper teeth when zipped. All that appears is a seam or slit in the fabric."; glossary[14] = new Array(2); glossary[14][0] = "High-impact activities"; glossary[14][1] = "Activities such as running, aerobics or mountain biking for which a high compression sports bra is preferred."; glossary[15] = new Array(2); glossary[15][0] = "Average minimum weight"; glossary[15][1] = "Average minimum weight. The total weight of the tent body, rainfly and poles exclusive of stakes, sacks and other items the manufacturer provides: the bare essentials."; glossary[16] = new Array(2); glossary[16][0] = "Declination Adjustment"; glossary[16][1] = "A feature that adjusts for the difference between magnetic north (where a compass normally points) and true north. Once this value is preset, navigation is simplified."; glossary[17] = new Array(2); glossary[17][0] = "All-mountain wide skis"; glossary[17][1] = "Skis with waist measurements between 86mm and 101mm."; glossary[18] = new Array(2); glossary[18][0] = "thermal-formable liner"; glossary[18][1] = "Thermal-formable foam liners use the heat generated by the skier's feet to achieve accurate fit. They typically break in after only one day of skiing."; glossary[19] = new Array(2); glossary[19][0] = "Type of Waterproofing"; glossary[19][1] = "2-layer: durable face fabric with a membrane or coating applied to its interior and a loose-hanging liner stitched into the interior of the garment. 2.5-layer: lightweight face fabric with a polyurethane-based laminate or coating with a bare-minimum protective inner layer; inner layer is little more than a series of dots, a grid pattern or a scattering of resins. 3-layer: rugged, yet low-weight face fabric with a WP/BR membrane tightly sandwiched between the face fabric and a body-facing liner; all 3 are laminated together to create a single durable fabric."; glossary[20] = new Array(2); glossary[20][0] = "Burn time (max flame)"; glossary[20][1] = "Indicates how long you can cook before refueling. Along with average boil time and liters of water boiled, it provides an overall picture of a stove's performance."; glossary[21] = new Array(2); glossary[21][0] = "complex carbohydrates"; glossary[21][1] = "Complex carbohydrates are a group of foods that take time to digest but provide sustained energy. Common forms include starches and dietary fiber. They may be found in whole grains, bread, rice and legumes."; glossary[22] = new Array(2); glossary[22][0] = "asymmetrical dihedral"; glossary[22][1] = "Asymmetrical dihedral refers to the shape of a paddle blade often used in touring that significantly reduces flutter."; glossary[23] = new Array(2); glossary[23][0] = "chromatic aberration"; glossary[23][1] = "Chromatic aberration appears as a colorful distortion along the edges of constrasting objects in images seen through binoculars. It is caused by colors passing through lenses on separate wavelengths."; glossary[24] = new Array(2); glossary[24][0] = "simple carbohydrates"; glossary[24][1] = "Simple carbohydrates are a group of easily digestible foods that provide a short-term burst of energy. Common forms include sucrose, fructose and lactose and may be found in fruits and dairy products."; glossary[25] = new Array(2); glossary[25][0] = "Lightweight backpack"; glossary[25][1] = "REI's term categorizing packs that offer a nice balance of features and low-weight materials. Most packs fall in this category. Other categories are ultralight backpacks and deluxe backpacks."; glossary[26] = new Array(2); glossary[26][0] = "Supplex® nylon"; glossary[26][1] = "A type of nylon best known for its cotton-like feel. Supplex is light, durable, resists wind and rain, and dries quickly. It's commonly used in everything from wind jackets to swimsuits."; glossary[27] = new Array(2); glossary[27][0] = "high-angle paddling"; glossary[27][1] = "A style of paddling involving aggressive, deep strokes and technical maneuverability."; glossary[28] = new Array(2); glossary[28][0] = "secondary stability"; glossary[28][1] = "A watercraft's resistance to being overturned. High secondary stability can mean low primary or initial stability. Such is often the case with touring kayaks which feel "tippy" but are difficult to capsize."; glossary[29] = new Array(2); glossary[29][0] = "DAC Featherlite NSL"; glossary[29][1] = "Aluminum poles of the same strength but with less weight than earlier Featherlite poles. NSL poles also use a more eco-friendly anodizing technique during their manufacturing process."; glossary[30] = new Array(2); glossary[30][0] = "Ultralight backpack"; glossary[30][1] = "REI's term categorizing packs geared for those willing to forego some conveniences to reduce pack weight. Other categories are lightweight backpacks and deluxe backpacks."; glossary[31] = new Array(2); glossary[31][0] = "Tip and tail rocker"; glossary[31][1] = "Tip and tail rocker refers to a ski or snowboard with reverse camber. Placed on a flat surface, the tips and tails arc slightly upward."; glossary[32] = new Array(2); glossary[32][0] = "Dielectric coating"; glossary[32][1] = "Dielectric coating is a thin coating applied to binocular sub-prisms to enhance light transmission over all visible light spectrums."; glossary[33] = new Array(2); glossary[33][0] = "Real angle of view"; glossary[33][1] = "The actual angle of view of an eyepiece based on lens design."; glossary[34] = new Array(2); glossary[34][0] = "Articulated elbows"; glossary[34][1] = "A design in which fabric is pieced at the elbow joints. This allows a wide range of motion without binding or chafing, and it provides a close-to-the-body fit."; glossary[35] = new Array(2); glossary[35][0] = "low-angle paddling"; glossary[35][1] = "A style of paddling involving smooth, shallow strokes to maximize distance."; glossary[36] = new Array(2); glossary[36][0] = "Temperature rating"; glossary[36][1] = "Also known as a comfort rating, this identifies the lowest temperature at which a bag is designed to keep an average sleeper warm. This rating is determined by the manufacturer and assumes the sleeper is wearing long underwear and using a sleeping pad. Use it as a guide, not a guarantee."; glossary[37] = new Array(2); glossary[37][0] = "Articulated knees"; glossary[37][1] = "A design in which the fabric is pieced at the knee joints. This allows a wide range of motion without binding or chafing, and it provides a close-to-the-body fit."; glossary[38] = new Array(2); glossary[38][0] = "Average boil time"; glossary[38][1] = "Shows the time required in REI lab tests to bring 1 liter of 70°F water to a boil."; glossary[39] = new Array(2); glossary[39][0] = "initial stability"; glossary[39][1] = "Refers to a watercraft's resistance to being tipped from side to side. A high initial stability feels extremely stable when you enter the watercraft. Such is often the case with recreational kayaks, canoes and sit-on-top kayaks. Also referred to as primary stability."; glossary[40] = new Array(2); glossary[40][0] = "primary stability"; glossary[40][1] = "Refers to a watercraft's resistance to being tipped from side to side. A high initial stability feels extremely stable when you enter the watercraft. Such is often the case with recreational kayaks, canoes and sit-on-top kayaks. Also referred to as initial stability."; glossary[41] = new Array(2); glossary[41][0] = "shallow-arch hull"; glossary[41][1] = "A hull design that enhances speed and tracking in calm water with good initial stability and high secondary stability."; glossary[42] = new Array(2); glossary[42][0] = "Declination Scale"; glossary[42][1] = "Located in the base plate, this feature lets you make quick, tool-free declination adjustments while you're on the go."; glossary[43] = new Array(2); glossary[43][0] = "Number of pockets"; glossary[43][1] = "A good measure of a pack's organizational features. For many hikers, more pockets mean easier gear access."; glossary[44] = new Array(2); glossary[44][0] = "Minimum focusing"; glossary[44][1] = "The minimum distance (measured in feet) that binoculars can focus on an object. A lower number indicates an enhanced ability to see fine details up close."; glossary[45] = new Array(2); glossary[45][0] = "Sublimated print"; glossary[45][1] = "A garment printing process in which dye is converted to a gas, bound to the fabric, then cooled again to solid form. Sublimated prints offer vibrant colors which do not wear off as readily as screen-printed graphics."; glossary[46] = new Array(2); glossary[46][0] = "Cold weather use"; glossary[46][1] = "REI's performance rating based on the type of fuel used. White gas is the best cold-weather performer; butane and propane should be kept above freezing for most efficient operation."; glossary[47] = new Array(2); glossary[47][0] = "Non-freestanding"; glossary[47][1] = "A design that requires a tent be staked out. It saves overall weight by requiring fewer poles than a freestanding tent."; glossary[48] = new Array(2); glossary[48][0] = "Access / Loading"; glossary[48][1] = "Most packs are top or panel loading. Top-loaders save a bit of weight; panel-loaders offer easier gear access."; glossary[49] = new Array(2); glossary[49][0] = "Adjustable torso"; glossary[49][1] = "This refers to the pack's suspension system. Adjustable suspensions let you fine-tune the pack to your torso size; fixed suspensions allow no fit adjustments but are lighter and simpler."; glossary[50] = new Array(2); glossary[50][0] = "Regulated output"; glossary[50][1] = "Lights with regulated output offer a steady brightness level throughout the life of the batteries. Light abruptly drops off when the batteries are drained. Nonregulated lights dim gradually during the life of the batteries."; glossary[51] = new Array(2); glossary[51][0] = "Cylindrical lens"; glossary[51][1] = "Cylindrical lenses feature a curved surface shaped similarly to the wall of a cylinder."; glossary[52] = new Array(2); glossary[52][0] = "directional twin"; glossary[52][1] = "A snowboard with the same size tip and tail but with more flex in the tip. The symmetrical shape makes it ideal for all-mountain freestyle riding."; glossary[53] = new Array(2); glossary[53][0] = "Bamboo charcoal"; glossary[53][1] = "Bamboo charcoal is found in some fitness wear items. Carbonized molecules of bamboo are integrated into the fabric fibers to increase odor resistance and enhance performance."; glossary[54] = new Array(2); glossary[54][0] = "Gusseted crotch"; glossary[54][1] = "An extra panel of fabric, often in the shape of a diamond or triangle, that extends the flexibility of pants."; glossary[55] = new Array(2); glossary[55][0] = "Kangaroo pocket"; glossary[55][1] = "An open-ended sleeve pocket on fitness wear, often featured on hooded tops. Also refers to an open stash pocket on backpacks."; glossary[56] = new Array(2); glossary[56][0] = "Featherlite NSL"; glossary[56][1] = "Aluminum poles of the same strength but with less weight than earlier Featherlite poles. NSL poles also use a more eco-friendly anodizing technique during the manufacturing process by DAC."; glossary[57] = new Array(2); glossary[57][0] = "Magnifying Lens"; glossary[57][1] = "A compass feature useful for easier reading of a map's details."; glossary[58] = new Array(2); glossary[58][0] = "Sighting Mirror"; glossary[58][1] = "A feature that improves the ability to make precise readings. A sighting mirror allows you to simultaneously see your bearing while sighting on a distant landmark. It can double as an emergency signaling device."; glossary[59] = new Array(2); glossary[59][0] = "Number of stays"; glossary[59][1] = "Stays are thin rods, bars or tubes (usually made of aluminum) designed to support a pack's weight. Multiple stays can typically support heavier loads."; glossary[60] = new Array(2); glossary[60][0] = "Stuff sack size"; glossary[60][1] = "A measurement of bag compressibility. The smaller it packs, the more room you have for other gear. Optionally, a compression stuff sack can reduce this size a bit further."; glossary[61] = new Array(2); glossary[61][0] = "Objective lens"; glossary[61][1] = "The lens on a pair of binoculars that is farthest from your eye. The diameter of this lens is a key measure of how much light a pair of binoculars can gather."; glossary[62] = new Array(2); glossary[62][0] = "Decoupled heel"; glossary[62][1] = "A decoupled heel features a split in the heal area of the outsole, which helps isolate the initial strike zone from the rest of the sole. It improves shock absorption by reducing the impact forces traveling from the heel to the rest of the outsole and midsole."; glossary[63] = new Array(2); glossary[63][0] = "Utopia Thermal"; glossary[63][1] = "An 85% polyester/15% spandex blended fabric ideal for cold-weather training"; glossary[64] = new Array(2); glossary[64][0] = "shallow-V hull"; glossary[64][1] = "A V-shaped hull design that features a defined centerline and tracks well in calm water."; glossary[65] = new Array(2); glossary[65][0] = "weathercocking"; glossary[65][1] = "The tendency of a kayak or canoe to turn into the wind when moving forward."; glossary[66] = new Array(2); glossary[66][0] = "Average weight"; glossary[66][1] = "We say "average" because actual weight can vary slightly from item to item."; glossary[67] = new Array(2); glossary[67][0] = "EN lower limit"; glossary[67][1] = "The European Norm rating for the lowest outside air temperature at which a typical man can sleep comfortably in this bag. This is based on the sleeper wearing a base layer and a hat, and using an insulating sleeping pad under the bag."; glossary[68] = new Array(2); glossary[68][0] = "Shoulder girth"; glossary[68][1] = "The circumference across the bag at the shoulders. Some bags are narrower than others to save weight. Consider this tradeoff when determining your sleeping comfort."; glossary[69] = new Array(2); glossary[69][0] = "Spherical lens"; glossary[69][1] = "Spherical lenses feature a curved surface that reduces light distortion and enhances the quality of image hitting the eye."; glossary[70] = new Array(2); glossary[70][0] = "Field of view"; glossary[70][1] = "The width of the area (measured in feet) that you view at a distance of 1,000 yards away. In general, the greater the magnification, the narrower the field of view."; glossary[71] = new Array(2); glossary[71][0] = "Magnification"; glossary[71][1] = "Refers to magnification power, the first of two numbers used to describe binoculars (e.g., 7 x 35). A magnification of 7 means an object will appear 7 times closer than it would to your unassisted eye."; glossary[72] = new Array(2); glossary[72][0] = "Phase coating"; glossary[72][1] = "Phase coating is a chemical treatment added to binocular roof prisms. It increases clarity by correcting a light-wave shift inherent to roof-prism binoculars."; glossary[73] = new Array(2); glossary[73][0] = "Ankle zippers"; glossary[73][1] = "Zippers that typically run from pant hem to mid-calf. They are designed to make it easy to pull pants on or off over footwear."; glossary[74] = new Array(2); glossary[74][0] = "Encapsulation"; glossary[74][1] = "A style of sports bra which uses individual cups to surround and support each breast separately."; glossary[75] = new Array(2); glossary[75][0] = "Hook-and-loop"; glossary[75][1] = "Refers to self-fastening closures such as VELCRO® brand closures. The name comes from the structural design of the fastener when viewed up close. These are often used to secure pockets and cuffs."; glossary[76] = new Array(2); glossary[76][0] = "Raglan sleeve"; glossary[76][1] = "A raglan sleeve extends to the neckline, with diagonal seams from the armpit running along the collar bone in front and across the shoulder blade in back. This design enhances freedom of motion."; glossary[77] = new Array(2); glossary[77][0] = "rip-and-stick"; glossary[77][1] = "Refers to self-fastening closures, such as VELCRO® brand closures. They are often used to close pockets, cuffs and shoes, and to secure gear in place. The term references the action of detaching and attaching the closure's parts. Also commonly called hook-and-loop closures."; glossary[78] = new Array(2); glossary[78][0] = "Pot stability"; glossary[78][1] = "How well the stove's pot support arms hold a typical cooking pot. Rated by REI lab personnel during stove testing."; glossary[79] = new Array(2); glossary[79][0] = "carbohydrates"; glossary[79][1] = "Carbohydrates are a group of foods, including sugars and starches, that provide the main source of the body's energy."; glossary[80] = new Array(2); glossary[80][0] = "electrolytes"; glossary[80][1] = "Electrolytes are salts in the bloodstream that aid in metabolizing carbohydrates. They help maintain proper muscle function and hydration. Common electrolytes include sodium, chloride, postassium and magnesium."; glossary[81] = new Array(2); glossary[81][0] = "Boston valves"; glossary[81][1] = "A simple 1-way valve widely used on inflatables. Unscrew the top cap for inflation. Unscrew the secondary cap for deflation."; glossary[82] = new Array(2); glossary[82][0] = "Summit valves"; glossary[82][1] = "A high-quality valve used primarily on whitewater inflatables. It features a spring-loaded pressure-release button which can be screwed down for easy deflation."; glossary[83] = new Array(2); glossary[83][0] = "Liquid-Filled"; glossary[83][1] = "Refers to the non-freezing liquid in a compass housing. It reduces a needle's jiggling and brings it to rest faster than an air-filled housing. This allows faster, more precise readings."; glossary[84] = new Array(2); glossary[84][0] = "European Norm"; glossary[84][1] = "The European testing protocol for sleeping bags that provides consistent, reliable temperature ratings for 3-season backpacking bags. EN testing is performed in independent, internationally certified laboratories and ensures that sleeping bags are subject to standardized testing."; glossary[85] = new Array(2); glossary[85][0] = "Variable snow"; glossary[85][1] = "Snow without a uniform density that may consist of a mix of powder, soft snow, wind-blown snow, crust or packed snow."; glossary[86] = new Array(2); glossary[86][0] = "Center focus"; glossary[86][1] = "A commonly used focusing system that uses one adjusting knob to move both scopes at the same time. This allows for fast, convenient focusing."; glossary[87] = new Array(2); glossary[87][0] = "Freestanding"; glossary[87][1] = "A design in which a tent can be set up before being staked out. This makes it much easier to reposition and clean out your tent."; glossary[88] = new Array(2); glossary[88][0] = "Pole sleeves"; glossary[88][1] = "Mesh and/or fabric sleeves that connect tent poles to the tent body. Sleeves help distribute force over a larger area and create less stress on the tent body fabric than do pole clips."; glossary[89] = new Array(2); glossary[89][0] = "WAAS-enabled"; glossary[89][1] = "Wide Area Augmentation System. A system of satellites and ground stations that provide GPS signal corrections for better position accuracy. A WAAS-enabled receiver can give you position accuracy of better than 3 meters 95% of the time."; glossary[90] = new Array(2); glossary[90][0] = "Board-lasted"; glossary[90][1] = "Shoe construction in which the upper is attached to a stiff insole (also called the board). In board lasting the insole is fixed to the last/form, then the upper of the shoe is wrapped around this assembly. In the final step the midsole, rands and finally the outsole are attached to the shoe."; glossary[91] = new Array(2); glossary[91][0] = "Munter hitch"; glossary[91][1] = "A friction knot, typically tied to a large carabiner, which can be used to belay a climber or rappel. Good to know in case you lose your belay device."; glossary[92] = new Array(2); glossary[92][0] = "Porro prism"; glossary[92][1] = "A type of prism that is offset from the objective lens. This popular prism design offers the advantages of improved depth perception and reduced cost, though it adds somewhat to binoculars' size and weight."; glossary[93] = new Array(2); glossary[93][0] = "Back length"; glossary[93][1] = "The distance from the base of the collar to the bottom of the hem. Use this measurement to help determine how a garment will fit."; glossary[94] = new Array(2); glossary[94][0] = "amino acids"; glossary[94][1] = "Amino acids are the building blocks of muscle tissue and aid in recovery and endurance enhancement. Common amino acids include leucine, valine, isoleucine and glutamine."; glossary[95] = new Array(2); glossary[95][0] = "entry lines"; glossary[95][1] = "Entry lines refer to the leading edge of a kayak’s bow where it cuts through the water. Sharp, angled entry lines cut through the water, enhance speed and ease paddling over long distances. Blunt entry lines ride up slightly on incoming waves, enhance buoyancy and create a drier ride in rough, windy conditions."; glossary[96] = new Array(2); glossary[96][0] = "thighbraces"; glossary[96][1] = "Supportive inserts placed on the inside of the cockpit. They increase control by providing additional points of contact with the boat."; glossary[97] = new Array(2); glossary[97][0] = "Peak height"; glossary[97][1] = "The highest point of a tent's interior. Typically, the higher the peak height, the roomier the interior, although the angle of the sidewall also contributes to overall roominess."; glossary[98] = new Array(2); glossary[98][0] = "Powder skis"; glossary[98][1] = "Skis with width waist measurements above 101mm."; glossary[99] = new Array(2); glossary[99][0] = "Single rope"; glossary[99][1] = "A rope with a diameter that is large enough to support a leader fall when used singly. Typical diameter is 9mm - 11mm."; glossary[100] = new Array(2); glossary[100][0] = "Slip-lasted"; glossary[100][1] = "The method of footwear construction in which the upper is sewn into a sock and then slipped onto the last. Slip-lasted shoes normally do not have an insole and get their "stiffness" from the midsole, which is located just above the outsole. Slip-lasted rock climbing shoes tend to be sensitive and less stiff than board-lasted shoes."; glossary[101] = new Array(2); glossary[101][0] = "Exit pupil"; glossary[101][1] = "A measure of the light that exits each eyepiece and reaches the pupils of your eyes. It is calculated by dividing the diameter of the objective lens by the magnification. The larger the exit pupil, the brighter the image."; glossary[102] = new Array(2); glossary[102][0] = "Eye relief"; glossary[102][1] = "The distance between the eyepiece and your eye at which the whole field of view is visible. People who wear glasses should seek eye relief of at least 11mm for comfortable viewing."; glossary[103] = new Array(2); glossary[103][0] = "Roof prism"; glossary[103][1] = "A type of prism that is aligned with the objective lens. This prism design allows for lighter, more compact binoculars, though it tends to flatten images and cost a bit more than porro prisms."; glossary[104] = new Array(2); glossary[104][0] = "Rotomolded"; glossary[104][1] = "Short for rotational molding, this is the boat-making process in which plastic pellets (polyethylene) are heated in a mold to melt. As the material cools it is rotated to gain uniform consistency."; glossary[105] = new Array(2); glossary[105][0] = "Swede-form"; glossary[105][1] = "Refers to the shape of a kayak with the widest point behind the cockpit. Shape reduces clearance during paddling strokes and increases efficiency."; glossary[106] = new Array(2); glossary[106][0] = "tumblehome"; glossary[106][1] = "Tumblehome refers to the inward-curving sides of a watercaft above the waterline. Tumblehome makes it easy to reach the water."; glossary[107] = new Array(2); glossary[107][0] = "Clinometer"; glossary[107][1] = "An advanced compass feature that measures vertical angles. This is used in the field to determine slope steepness, which is especially helpful for skiers in avalanche-prone areas."; glossary[108] = new Array(2); glossary[108][0] = "EN comfort"; glossary[108][1] = "The European Norm rating for the lowest outside air temperature at which a typical woman can sleep comfortably in this bag. This is based on the sleeper wearing a base layer and a hat, and using an insulating sleeping pad under the bag."; glossary[109] = new Array(2); glossary[109][0] = "fill-power"; glossary[109][1] = "Fill power refers to the number of cubic inches 1 oz. of down will displace. The higher an insulation's fill-power number, the less down is needed to achieve a given warmth rating, and the lighter the product will be compared to another of the same warmth with a lower number."; glossary[110] = new Array(2); glossary[110][0] = "splitboard"; glossary[110][1] = "A snowboard constructed in 2 longitudinal pieces secured together with special mounting plates. Detaching the sections allows them to be used as free-heel skis for backcountry approaches. Most include skins."; glossary[111] = new Array(2); glossary[111][0] = "wide board"; glossary[111][1] = "Snowboards made wide enough to accommodate size 11 and larger boots without toe and heel drag."; glossary[112] = new Array(2); glossary[112][0] = "Geotagging"; glossary[112][1] = "The practice of adding location information, typically latitude and longitude coordinates, to photos or other media."; glossary[113] = new Array(2); glossary[113][0] = "kilonewton"; glossary[113][1] = "A measure of force equal to 224.8 lbs. A "newton" equals the force required to make a 1 kilogram mass accelerate at a rate of 1 meter per second per second. Climbing gear is rated in kN to show how much falling force it can hold."; glossary[114] = new Array(2); glossary[114][0] = "Liner bra"; glossary[114][1] = "A built-in bra that typically offers light support."; glossary[115] = new Array(2); glossary[115][0] = "Pant rise"; glossary[115][1] = "High rise pants sit at the belly button and up to a half inch below. Mid rise pants sit 1 – 2 in. below. Low rise pants sit 2+ in. below."; glossary[116] = new Array(2); glossary[116][0] = "Polynosic"; glossary[116][1] = "A fabric derived from wood pulp. Polynosic has a soft, smooth hand and a nice drape. It is often blended with other fabrics, such as cotton and polyester. Also known as modal."; glossary[117] = new Array(2); glossary[117][0] = "Shelf bra"; glossary[117][1] = "A built-in bra that typically offers light support."; glossary[118] = new Array(2); glossary[118][0] = "Vaporwick"; glossary[118][1] = "A fabric used by The North Face that wicks moisture and dries quickly. Vaporwick fabric features an advanced treatment which enhances the wicking capacity of individual fabric fibers."; glossary[119] = new Array(2); glossary[119][0] = "Isobutane"; glossary[119][1] = "A liquefied gas for backpacking stoves. PROS: no-spill container; requires no priming; delivers maximum heat output immediately. CONS: higher cost; fuel must be kept above 25 degrees F for efficient operation."; glossary[120] = new Array(2); glossary[120][0] = "fish-form"; glossary[120][1] = "Refers to the shape of a kayak with its widest point in front of the cockpit. Shape enhances tracking in surf and rough water."; glossary[121] = new Array(2); glossary[121][0] = "Royalex"; glossary[121][1] = "Royalex® is a registered trademark for a layered composite of vinyl and ABS plastic known for its durability, resistance to UV light and structural rigidity. Royalex is also warm to the touch."; glossary[122] = new Array(2); glossary[122][0] = "Footprint"; glossary[122][1] = "A custom-fitted groundcloth that goes under a tent floor. Footprints are intended to reduce wear on the tent floor and keep water from pooling underneath."; glossary[123] = new Array(2); glossary[123][0] = "Vestibule"; glossary[123][1] = "Typically, a staked-out extension of the tent's rainfly. It forms a protected area to shelter the entry/exit and your boots or other gear. Some tents offer add-on vestibules as an option."; glossary[124] = new Array(2); glossary[124][0] = "Map Scale"; glossary[124][1] = "A simple scale provided on some compasses to help calculate distances on maps. Most USGS maps use a 1:24,000 ratio, so the scale is usually designed for this usage."; glossary[125] = new Array(2); glossary[125][0] = "Hip girth"; glossary[125][1] = "The circumference across the bag at the hips. Some bags are more tapered than others to save weight. Use this measurement to help determine your sleeping comfort."; glossary[126] = new Array(2); glossary[126][0] = "Boot flex"; glossary[126][1] = "Soft boots present the least amount of resistance against lower leg movement and tend to be cut lower on the calves. Medium boots balance softness and stiffness, optimizing both comfort and performance. Stiff boots maximize rigid support in order to enhance responsiveness. Consider both your performance style and comfort level preference when selecting the flex that’s right for you."; glossary[127] = new Array(2); glossary[127][0] = "Off-piste"; glossary[127][1] = "Skiing outside designated runs in areas not groomed by snow cats."; glossary[128] = new Array(2); glossary[128][0] = "Polarized"; glossary[128][1] = "Polarized lenses feature a specialized filter which blocks the horizontal component of reflected light and dramatically reduces glare and eye strain."; glossary[129] = new Array(2); glossary[129][0] = "Half rope"; glossary[129][1] = "Rope of small enough diameter that it must be used in pairs, each one being clipped into alternate pieces of protection. Typical diameter is 8.1mm - 9mm."; glossary[130] = new Array(2); glossary[130][0] = "Smocking"; glossary[130][1] = "An embroidery technique that gathers fabric together to create light stretch."; glossary[131] = new Array(2); glossary[131][0] = "bulkhead"; glossary[131][1] = "A walled partition dividing the cockpit from the storage compartment of a kayak. When the compartment is sealed with a watertight lid, the bulkhead creates dry storage and traps air to enhance flotation in the event the cockpit fills with water."; glossary[132] = new Array(2); glossary[132][0] = "gunwales"; glossary[132][1] = "The side rails that run along the top edges of a canoe. Also known as gunnels."; glossary[133] = new Array(2); glossary[133][0] = "Guylines"; glossary[133][1] = "Cord that is used to guy out (i.e., pull taut) the tent rainfly during windy weather. Guylines are attached at an angle from loops on the rainfly to stakes on the ground."; glossary[134] = new Array(2); glossary[134][0] = "Groomers"; glossary[134][1] = "Runs groomed by a snow cat and often suited to beginning and intermediate skiers."; glossary[135] = new Array(2); glossary[135][0] = "twin tip"; glossary[135][1] = "Designed for skiing or landing switch (backwards), these skis are curved up at both the front and the back."; glossary[136] = new Array(2); glossary[136][0] = "Schrader"; glossary[136][1] = "Schrader valves have a relatively wide stem (8mm) similar to those found on car and motorcycle tires. They are easy to use and therefore are found on many casual and recreational bikes, but they require rims with relatively large valve holes as compared to those made for slimmer Presta valves."; glossary[137] = new Array(2); glossary[137][0] = "Diopter"; glossary[137][1] = "A control located on the right eyepiece that is essential for regulating the imbalance between a strong eye and a weak eye. This is a helpful adjustment to reduce eyestrain."; glossary[138] = new Array(2); glossary[138][0] = "Dri-FIT"; glossary[138][1] = "A fabric used by Nike that wicks moisture and dries quickly."; glossary[139] = new Array(2); glossary[139][0] = "Priming"; glossary[139][1] = "The preheating of a liquid fuel into a vapor prior to stove ignition."; glossary[140] = new Array(2); glossary[140][0] = "non-GMO"; glossary[140][1] = "Non Genetically Modified Organism (non-GMO) is a food item produced without the use of genetic engineering. Also called gene-splicing, genetic engineering introduces foreign DNA into a targeted organism to produce a desired trait, such as resistance to pests."; glossary[141] = new Array(2); glossary[141][0] = "UVA/UVB"; glossary[141][1] = "The two types of ultraviolet rays from the sun that are of concern to humans. UVA rays penetrate deeply and are primarily responsible for skin aging; UVB rays can cause sunburn. Both have been linked to skin cancer."; glossary[142] = new Array(2); glossary[142][0] = "Coaming"; glossary[142][1] = "The curved lip around a kayak cockpit's edge. Used to secure a spray skirt or a cockpit cover."; glossary[143] = new Array(2); glossary[143][0] = "Azimuth"; glossary[143][1] = "The reference plane (stated from 0° to 360°) used in navigation. True north is usually considered 0° azimuth; due south is 180°."; glossary[144] = new Array(2); glossary[144][0] = "in-mold"; glossary[144][1] = "A vacuum process for constructing helmets in which a lightweight shell (usually polycarbonate) and shock-absorbent EPS foam are molded together in one process that eliminates the need for glues. In-mold should not be confused with "injection-molded," which describes a process employing glues and, typically, a heavier ABS plastic shell."; glossary[145] = new Array(2); glossary[145][0] = "Denier"; glossary[145][1] = "A measure of fiber thickness in a fabric. For example, 100-denier fabric is softer and finer than a 200-denier fabric. High-denier fabrics (typically 400-plus denier) are stiffer but more durable."; glossary[146] = new Array(2); glossary[146][0] = "thwart"; glossary[146][1] = "Thwarts are the wood, fiberglass or aluminum struts that brace the sides of a canoe and provide support, stability and shape."; glossary[147] = new Array(2); glossary[147][0] = "Lumens"; glossary[147][1] = "The total output of a light source. A 100-watt light bulb emits roughly 1,750 lumens. Manufacturers measure lumens differently, so exact comparisons between brands are difficult."; glossary[148] = new Array(2); glossary[148][0] = "Strobe"; glossary[148][1] = "A flashing mode used by some headlamps and flashlights for signaling during emergencies. It drains battery power slower than other modes."; glossary[149] = new Array(2); glossary[149][0] = "E.L.P."; glossary[149][1] = "Elongated Low Profile, a term specific to Volkl skis, for what is commonly known as rocker."; glossary[150] = new Array(2); glossary[150][0] = "Presta"; glossary[150][1] = "Presta valves have a slim, lightweight stem (6mm) and are used with bike rims with relatively small holes (as compared to those accommodating car-tire-like Schrader valves), which reduces impact on rim strength. Presta valves have built-in valve caps that you loosen to pump up the tire and tighten afterward. They are typically found on higher-end bikes."; glossary[151] = new Array(2); glossary[151][0] = "Modal"; glossary[151][1] = "A fabric derived from wood pulp. Modal has a soft, smooth hand and a nice drape. It is often blended with other fabrics, such as cotton and polyester. Also known as polynosic."; glossary[152] = new Array(2); glossary[152][0] = "chine"; glossary[152][1] = "The point on a watercraft where the hull meets the side."; glossary[153] = new Array(2); glossary[153][0] = "Bezel"; glossary[153][1] = "The rotating outer ring of a compass used when taking bearings. It features degree marks from 0 to 360 in regular intervals."; glossary[154] = new Array(2); glossary[154][0] = "Recco"; glossary[154][1] = "A passive transponder embedded into some ski products such as jackets, pants, boots or helmets. They ARE NOT avalanche transceivers, nor do they replace the need for them. They ARE a separate, complementary technology that offers an additional tool for use by avalanche search-and-rescue teams. The transponder reflects radio signals from the Recco detectors used by SAR units, which may mean quicker location of position in an avalanche."; glossary[155] = new Array(2); glossary[155][0] = "PABA"; glossary[155][1] = "Short for Para-AminoBenzoic Acid, an ingredient once commonly found in sunscreen. PABA was found to cause allergic and photosensitivity reactions, and its use has been largely discontinued."; glossary[156] = new Array(2); glossary[156][0] = "Skeg"; glossary[156][1] = "A retractable, triangular plate under the stern that reduces the tendency of a boat to sheer to one side or the other in strong winds and currents."; glossary[157] = new Array(2); glossary[157][0] = "LEDs"; glossary[157][1] = "Light emitting diodes."; glossary[158] = new Array(2); glossary[158][0] = "DOQQ"; glossary[158][1] = "Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle imagery combines the image characteristics of aerial photography with the geometric qualities of a map. It is created by scanning aerial photographs, then digitally aligning the scanned image to an orthographic projection. This process geo-references the image and removes image displacements caused by camera tilt and relief of terrain."; glossary[159] = new Array(2); glossary[159][0] = "SPF"; glossary[159][1] = "Short for Sun Protection Factor, an indication of the level of sunscreen protection against sunburn-causing UVB rays."; glossary[160] = new Array(2); glossary[160][0] = "UVA"; glossary[160][1] = "Ultraviolet rays from the sun ranging from 320 to 400 nanometers. UVA rays penetrate skin more deeply than UVB, causing premature skin aging and, potentially, skin cancer."; glossary[161] = new Array(2); glossary[161][0] = "UVB"; glossary[161][1] = "Ultraviolet rays from the sun ranging from 290 to 320 nanometers. UVB rays are primarily responsible for sunburn. They also contribute to premature skin aging and, potentially, skin cancer."; glossary[162] = new Array(2); glossary[162][0] = "YKK"; glossary[162][1] = "An acronym for the Japanese company Yoshida Kogyo Kabushiki-kaisha. YKK dates back to 1934 and is by far the world's largest zipper manufacturer. Its products set the standard for quality in the zipper industry."; glossary[163] = new Array(2); glossary[163][0] = "DIN"; glossary[163][1] = "A standardized measure of the pressure needed to release ski boots from ski bindings. Abbreviation for Deutsches Institut furNormung. Always have a professional determine your DIN setting."; glossary[164] = new Array(2); glossary[164][0] = "UTM"; glossary[164][1] = "Universal Transverse Mercator is a grid-based system for specifying map coordinates on the earth's surface. Instead of latitude based on the earth’s polar axis and longitude based on its rotation, the UTM system overlays a square grid on the earth’s surface.";